buy custom Good Programming essay

buy custom Good Programming essay The development of systems and programs in the modern world has a significant impact in the lives of people. These impacts can both be intended and unintended and, some can be harmful while others useful. The invention and implementation of systems changes the lives of people by interfering with their realities and expectations. As system developers develop new systems every day, the question is whether they should be held responsible for the consequence of their inventions or not. With the rights and freedom attached to every person in the world toady, it would be easy to leave the developers with no blame as people are free to us the inventions or not use. In this discussion, we look at various technological inventions and their ethical implication. We then analyze whether the designers need to worry about these implications. The systems and programs being developed every day also have some detrimental effects that are normally small but accumulate over time. These effects could have extremely harmful effects in the long run, for instance, each automobile releases a very small amount of pollution, almost negligible. However, when it is combined for thousands of automobiles in use today and over time, global warming cannot be controlled. Good program depends on the designs and having a sense of ethical issues. Technological inventions have helped individuals and companies amplify their ability, strength, strategic advantage over other human beings. Strategic advantage has been gained by companies who have embraced technological inventions and have thus expanded rapidly. This has led to expansion and growth of such companies over those that still hold on the traditional means of productions. Technological inventions have also earned many individuals considerable influence in the world, for instance, Bill Ga tes has gained so much influence in the world even outside the computer industries. Buy custom Good Programming essay

Circumference of a Circle

Circumference of a Circle Circumference Definition and Formula The circumference of a circle is its perimeter or distance around it. It is denoted by C in math formulas and has units of distance, such as millimeters (mm), centimeters (cm), meters (m), or inches (in). It is related to the radius, diameter, and pi using the following equations: C πdC 2πr Where d is the diameter of the circle, r is its radius, and π is pi. The diameter of a circle is the longest distance across it, which you can measure from any point on the circle, going through its center or origin, to the connecting point on the far side. The radius is one-half the diameter or it can be measured from the origin of the circle out to its edge. π (pi) is a mathematical constant that relates a circles circumference to its diameter. It is an irrational number, so it doesnt have a decimal representation. In calculations, most people use 3.14 or 3.14159. Sometimes it is approximated by the fraction 22/7. Find the Circumference s (1) You measure the diameter of a circle to be 8.5 cm. Find the circumference. To solve this, simply enter the diameter in the equation. Remember to report your answer with the proper units. C πdC 3.14 * (8.5 cm)C 26.69 cm, which you should round up to 26.7 cm (2) You want to know the circumference of a pot that has a radius of 4.5 inches. For this problem, you can either use the formula that includes radius or you can remember the diameter is twice the radius and use that formula. Heres the solution, using the formula with radius: C 2πrC 2 * 3.14 * (4.5 in)C 28.26 inches or 28 inches, if you use the same number of significant figures as your measurement. (3) You measure a can and find it is 12 inches in circumference. What is its diameter? What is its radius? Although a can is a cylinder, it still has a circumference because a cylinder is basically a stack of circles. To solve this problem, you need to rearrange the equations: C πd may be rewritten as:C/π d Plugging in the circumference value and solving for d: C/π d(12 inches) / π d12 / 3.14 d3.82 inches diameter (lets call it 3.8 inches) You could play the same game to rearrange a formula to solve for the radius, but if you have the diameter already, the easiest way to get the radius is to divide it in half: radius 1/2 * diameterradius (0.5) *(3.82 inches) [remember, 1/2 0.5]radius 1.9 inches Notes About Estimates and Reporting Your Answer You should always check your work. One quick way to estimate whether your circumference answer is reasonable is to check to see if its a bit more than 3 times larger than the diameter or slightly over 6 times larger than the radius.You should match the number of significant figures you use for pi to that of the significance of the other values you are given. If you dont know what significant figures are or arent asked to work with them, dont worry about this. Basically, this means if you have a very precise distance measurement, like 1244.56 meters (6 significant figures), you want to use 3.14159 for pi and not 3.14. Otherwise, youll end up reporting a less precise answer. Finding the Area of a Circle If you know the circumference, radius, or diameter of a circle, you can also find its area. Area represents the space enclosed within a circle. Its given in units of distance squared, such as cm2 or m2. The area of a circle is given by the formulas: A πr2 (Area equals pi times the radius squared.) A π(1/2 d)2 (Area equals pi times one-half the diameter squared.) A π(C/2π)2 (Area equals pi times the square of the circumference divided by two times pi.)

Service Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 2

Service Marketing - Essay Example Apart from the consumption part the employment sector is getting a huge boost as many graduates and employable individuals are being recruited in the sector. The salaries are quite impressive and this definitely is improving the economy as a whole. As a matter of fact a few educational institutes have introduced retail management courses which enable the students to get a detailed training in this field. The sector is no longer a matter of buying and selling; it has changed into a thorough research area. Scholars and managers are trying to understand the nuances of this industry and trying to figure out the consumer behavior, the factors affecting the sector, the government regulations, pricing and sales promotions. From the consumers point of view it not only sells their necessities but also provides them a social platform to interact. For some it is the only source of social activity. If we look at the broader spectrum, we will see that the retail industry has crossed the borders and is now part of the global economy. The major retail players have taken full advantage of cross border trades and opening up of economies. This has not only created economies of scale but the marketers can now realign their supply chain management in a global way. They have the advantage of sourcing goods from the developing countries which offer competitive products at a lower cost. In the operations part the sheer volume is making the profits soar high, in spite of price cuts. The advantages apart, there are a few shortcomings which makes retailing not an easy job. When the matter of global trade arises one must understand that the economy, society and political environment of each country will differ. Every country or region has its own economy, which is affected by multiple reasons. It could be political, technological, social or any other external factors. The

How healthful is fish, really Can we balance mercury and omega 3 fats Essay

How healthful is fish, really Can we balance mercury and omega 3 fats - Essay Example In this respect, the level of pollution and its harmful effects on human beings as a function of the fish and seafood that we eat has perhaps been understood for a longer period of time than has the plethora of positive health effects that omega 3 can portend. Therefore, this brief analysis will consider the pros and cons of eating fish as a determinant of maintaining one’s overall health. However, rather than being a paper that is concentric on a deep and complex understanding of medical statistics and figures, the essay will seek to lay out a logical rubric, supported by medical evidence, for the reasons why the health benefits of eating omega 3 fatty acids far outweighs the overall risks of poisonous/cancerous substances that may or may not be found to a lesser or greater degree within the body of the fish or shellfish itself. In this way, it has long been understood that many types of fish and seafood act as a type of biological filtration system for the natural environmen t (Oken 1718). In this way, some (but notably not all) types of fish and/or seafood have what can only be described as unnaturally high levels of heavy metals and other types of potentially poisonous materials that have been collected in their bodies due to the types of food that is ingested as well as certain key environmental determinants. As such, as researchers have begun to understand the manner in which these creatures collect high concentrations of heavy metals and other types of potentially damaging poisons within their bodies (Rosenberg 8). Accordingly, in order to understand the ways that this effect the human being, a high number of studies have been conducted that have sought to measure and quantify and project the level to which these toxins have exhibited or will possibly exhibit in the future a negative health impact on those who regularly incorporate fish or shellfish into their diet (Marona 55). The end result of the majority of these studies have indicated that alt hough the heavy metals, to include mercury, PCBs (polychlorinated biphenyls) and others, can have the effect of increasing one’s overall risk of developing a type of cancer, the overall statistical incidence of the increase in cancer rate is so miniscule as to not warrant a cessation of eating fish/shellfish so as to avoid the negative health consequences that are exhibited by the existence of mercury/PCBs etc (Foran 15). Such an understanding is of course at odds with some members of the medical science community that continue to put forward the idea that the existence of key poisons and heavy metals within these fish/shellfish as a function of health risk are not always exhibited within the short time span that some of these studies have taken into account (Olson 133). Naturally, when comparing the net positive of eating fish/shellfish as compared to the net health risks associated with the potential ingestion of various concentrated heavy metals and poisons, one must consi der the fact that reduction of risk with regards to the what omega 3 fatty acids provide with respect to heart health is greatly more statistically significant than the increased of risk of certain types of cancer associated with the ingestion of certain impurities. Such an important distinction is useful to note due to

International Management Essay Example for Free

International Management Essay Relationships developed by New-Zealand and Australia to other countries, differ from the rest of the Asian countries. Other Asian countries like Indonesia prefer to build long term relationships that will make more profit for a long time rather then have quick short term money. Another difference is that, most of the Asian countries feel as if the westerns don’t really care about their culture and beliefs, which is somewhat true. We only tend to care about what revolving around America. And this really affects how they look at us. 2- There are so many reasons as to why Indonesian archipelago is unique in Asia. There are 17,000 islands all together in Indonesia. Each island has its own unique features that differ it from another. Some of the island are very rich , meaning, they produce iol, gas etc. While some islands are very dry and dormant. Climate is also different between these islands. Some islands experience heavy rainfall while other islands are experiencing drought. 3- There are many characteristics that the Indonesian workplaces are referred to here. I think that the article is only concentrating on the minimum wage jobs, the type of jobs that do not really need education to do. The article also emphasizes on how businesses have failed and are still failing up to now in Indonesia. The business opportunities that were written in the article are the type of jobs that needs an outsourcing employee, which are of course cheaper. Further on, Indonesian workplaces also experience problems when it comes to foreign management vs locals. 4- The Republic of Indonesia, the worlds fourth most populous nation, has 203 million people living on over one thousand permanently settled islands. I personally think that for a place which has a large population number to be socially stratified like Indonesia isn’t very rare. Simply because people are the same. Some tend to be more intelligent than other some more ambitious. Others are just lazy but others also work hard. Those who possess good character will move to a place that has people with the same characteristics as theirs. They will settle there and produce offspring with the same characteristics as theirs. Those who posses bad characteristics, i. e drug addicts, dumb etc will move to lower stratification. Hence, I think this is why Indonesia seems to socially stratified. 5- Many countries have realized that Indonesia is a good country to do business in and /or being a business partner. Businesses around the world also enjoy the vast markets of goods in Indonesia. There are a lot of business opportunities in Indonesia, For example; agribusiness, automotive industries, construction and infrastructure and many more. One has to keep in mind that even though New Zealand and Australia are in the same Asian sphere with Indonesia, they have very different cultures and the way they do business. Therefore, New Zealanders and Australians have to explore the culture difference and learn how indonesians do things in order for them to be business partners.

Volcanoes :: Volcano Nature Lava Eruption Essays

Volcanoes This paper will define and discuss the volcano to include: types of volcanoes, formation of a volcano, and elements of a volcano; such as, lava, rock fragments, and gas. This paper also tells a little bit about volcanic activity in different parts of the world. What is a volcano? A volcano is a vent in the earth from which molten rock and gas erupt. The molten rock that erupts from the volcano forms a hill or mountain around the vent. The lava may flow out as a viscous liquid or it may explode from the vent as solid or liquid particles. Kinds of Volcanic Materials Three basic materials that may erupt from a volcano are; 1. lava, 2. rock fragments, and 3. gas. Lava Lava is the name for magma that has been released onto the Earth's surface. When lava comes to the Earth's surface, it is red hot and may have temperatures of more than 2012 degrees Fahrenheit. Fluid lava flows swiftly down a volcano's slopes. Sticky lava flows more slowly. As the lava cools, it may harden into many different formations. Highly fluid lava hardens into smooth, folded sheets of rock called pahoehoe. Stickier lava cools into rough, jagged sheets of rock called aa. Pahoehoe and aa cover large areas of Hawaii, where the terms originated. The stickiest lava forms flows of boulders and rubble called block flows. It may also form mounds of lava called domes. Other lava formations are spatter cones and lava tubes. Spatter cones are steep hills that can get up to 100 feet high. They build up from the spatter of geyser-like eruptions of thick lava. Lava tubes are tunnels formed from fluid lava. As the lava flows, its exterior covering cools and hardens. But the lava below continues to flow. After the flowing lava drains away, it leaves a tunnel. Rock Fragments Rock fragment are usually called tephra and are formed from sticky magma. This magma is so sticky that its gas can not easily escape when the magma approaches the surface or central vent. Finally, the trapped gas builds up so much pressure that it blasts the magma into fragments. Tephra consists of volcanic dust, volcanic ash, and volcanic bombs, (from smallest to largest size particle). Volcanic dust consists of particles less than one one-hundredth inch in diameter. Volcanic dust can be carried for great distances. In 1883, the eruption of Krakatau in Volcanoes :: Volcano Nature Lava Eruption Essays Volcanoes This paper will define and discuss the volcano to include: types of volcanoes, formation of a volcano, and elements of a volcano; such as, lava, rock fragments, and gas. This paper also tells a little bit about volcanic activity in different parts of the world. What is a volcano? A volcano is a vent in the earth from which molten rock and gas erupt. The molten rock that erupts from the volcano forms a hill or mountain around the vent. The lava may flow out as a viscous liquid or it may explode from the vent as solid or liquid particles. Kinds of Volcanic Materials Three basic materials that may erupt from a volcano are; 1. lava, 2. rock fragments, and 3. gas. Lava Lava is the name for magma that has been released onto the Earth's surface. When lava comes to the Earth's surface, it is red hot and may have temperatures of more than 2012 degrees Fahrenheit. Fluid lava flows swiftly down a volcano's slopes. Sticky lava flows more slowly. As the lava cools, it may harden into many different formations. Highly fluid lava hardens into smooth, folded sheets of rock called pahoehoe. Stickier lava cools into rough, jagged sheets of rock called aa. Pahoehoe and aa cover large areas of Hawaii, where the terms originated. The stickiest lava forms flows of boulders and rubble called block flows. It may also form mounds of lava called domes. Other lava formations are spatter cones and lava tubes. Spatter cones are steep hills that can get up to 100 feet high. They build up from the spatter of geyser-like eruptions of thick lava. Lava tubes are tunnels formed from fluid lava. As the lava flows, its exterior covering cools and hardens. But the lava below continues to flow. After the flowing lava drains away, it leaves a tunnel. Rock Fragments Rock fragment are usually called tephra and are formed from sticky magma. This magma is so sticky that its gas can not easily escape when the magma approaches the surface or central vent. Finally, the trapped gas builds up so much pressure that it blasts the magma into fragments. Tephra consists of volcanic dust, volcanic ash, and volcanic bombs, (from smallest to largest size particle). Volcanic dust consists of particles less than one one-hundredth inch in diameter. Volcanic dust can be carried for great distances. In 1883, the eruption of Krakatau in

Florida Football Players: Are They Students Athletes? Essay

Many schools look to create the number one colligate football team in their division. From The University of Alabama, The University of Louisiana, and even here, at The University of Florida, each program strives to develop something great by recruiting players to fill holes on the team, or simply make an overall impact. However, the individual’s academic performance is sometimes over looked based on the fact that they are able to catch a ball and run. Student athletes should not only be able to perform on the field and bring money into the institution, but they should also be capable of performing in the classroom. The University of Florida over emphasizes athletics and monetary benefits, thus causing most players to suffer academically. Florida football players are true athletes. Each athlete is expected to perform at their highest ability on game day. It’s no secret that most division one athletes are at the top of their recruiting class, and are usually the best tha t high school football has to offer. The recruiting process is based on the hope of delivery and a win on gameday. The University of Florida gained three number one football recruits in the 2013 season including Vernon Hargreaves III. Now looking forward to 2015, Florida has set its sights on Byron Cowart, the number one player in the nation according to ESPN. Most programs look for the best of the best, and invest in players that have the ability to play on the professional level. The University of Florida is well known for its award winning program, and their ability to produce professional players. They have succeeded in developing some of the most prominent players in the NFL to include Heisman-Trophy winner Tim Tebow and NFL Hall of Famer Jack Youngblood. The university has invested time and money into each of these individuals in hopes that they will perform on game day and continue to prove that they were the best decision for the program throughout their career. Florida football players are of great benefit to the university. Every game costs. For example, this season alone, The University of Florida had to pay for a  game that wasn’t even played. The university had to dish out almost one million dollars to The University of Idaho just for showing up and leaving. College football is a deeply loved sport that carries a large price tag. If an athlete is not delivering on the field, they are quickly pulled out so that they can reevaluate their strategy to win the game. Each athlete must deliver every game to ensure that money keeps flowing not only into the program, but into the school itself. The success of a colligate football program is based on the number of national titles the school holds, and their rankings in their division. Florida alone has won eight SEC championships, and three national titles, making them a dominant factor in the SEC. They have also been ranked the number one seed several times throughout the programs history. Gator football brings a lot of money to the institution and is an important part of the university. Florida football players however, carry a low emphasis on academics. At the University of Florida, and other big name institutions, academic exceptions are usually made on the behalf of each player during the admissions process. For example, here at the University of Florida, most football players scored 346 points lower on the SAT, than the regular students at the institution. This is equivalent to the gap between students at The University of Georgia versus those at Harvard University. Majority of players also had lower GPA’s of around 2.8 versus the student population of a 4.0 or higher coming out of high school. The University of Florida also does not possess a high graduation rate of their football players, specifically African-Americans. Florida only graduates about forty-nine percent of their football players each year, compared to the overall graduation rate of the institution at eighty-nine percent. This goes to show that Florida football players are being held to a higher standard as an athlete versus that of a student. Many do receive a tutor, for help with classes; unfortunately the tutors only do enough to see that the player remains eligible, rather than helping them excel as a student. According to many coaches, â€Å"it is the price of winning†. To develop the most competitive program in a division one sport, many institutions are devoted to the flexibility of admissions and grade forgiveness, for athletes. However, when did compromising an individual’s future become socially acceptable? As stated before, The University of Florida places a stronger emphasis on athle tics rather than education when  it comes to athletes. The school may be a desired look for most athletes, but is it really beneficial for them? Colligate football players here at The University of Florida are usually considered to be all around great players. Many are able to deliver on game day and often have a chance at going pro. The Gator football team brings in the most money out of every sport at the university. Therefore, they have earned much respect on the field and are one of the universities greatest assets. However, football players at The University of Florida are athlete students, not student athletes. The importance of academics is not stressed enough to the football players. There are some players who meet the university GPA and test score requirements, but a vast majority tend to fall short†¦ really short. Rather than challenging each athlete intellectually, the University of Florida ensures that all the athletes’ energy is geared towards sports. College is the foundation to the rest of a person’s life. Many apply to the University of Florida that are more than qualified to attend but are denied. Could this be an effect of a football team stacked with unfit applicants? This issue brings a deep concern to many and raises a question of fairness. We as a country have deemed it sociably acceptable to make exceptions for athletes out of our own greed to win and make money. We are not helping these athletes by passing them through classes just so they can play on game day. This is a hindrance and must be corrected. Whether it be through a program directed at colligate athletes to ensure their college success, or doing what is right and not admitting them at all as if they were a normal student, something needs to be done. The individual athletes overall future should be the most important aspect, and not creating a competitive program that brings in money. By continuing to admit these students and pass them through classes, we are not preparing them for their future careers, and therefore as a school system, we failed them. The price of winning is actually the price of failure.

Examples of institutional racism Essay

Although subtler than it has been in Western society, IR is still prevalent as a social factor. For example, Stephen Lawrence, a black teenager ‘was unlawfully killed in a completely unprovoked racist attack by five white youths on April 22, 1993’ (Macpherson, 1999). What was disturbing about this incident is that the inquest took 6 years to be scrutinized and police refused to help Mr. Lawrence even though he was in a pool of his own blood. Police were also given defining information that could have led to arrests, and they refused to accept that information. When one of the attackers was picked out from a criminal line-up pool, the police suggested that the survivour of the attack, Mr. Brooks who positively identified the assailant, was at best, guessing. The police would later confess that one of their officers could not remember anything he was told and later when called upon to testify he indicated that he had no record of any notes he may have taken. Video surveillance of the suspected attackers caught them on tape boasting how they were going to ‘cut black people up’. The case against the suspects was dropped after the police claimed that the eyewitness account of the survivour was unreliable. Subsequently, they arrested Mr. Brooks while he was protesting the fate of his friend and police promptly charged him. A judge would later throw out the case. Seeking justice the parents of Stephen Lawrence attempted to further prosecute the suspects. However, when that failed they launched a campaign for a public inquiry into the way that police handled the investigation of their son’s murder. It was only then that the above facts became publicly available. After the embarrassment of the police service and a lengthy inquiry, this led to the Stephen Lawrence Inquiry: The Stephen Lawrence inquiry gave rise to the study of police stop-and-search in London which follows on from a report published by the Metropolitan Police Service (MPS). The Interim Report presented the results of the first year of a programme of action to improve police searches covered by section1 of PACE (the 1984 Police and Criminal Evidence Act). The programme began in April 1998 and was implemented in seven areas of London – Charing Cross, Limehouse, Brixton, Plumstead, Hounslow, Kingston and Tottenham. The pilot sites varied in the populations they served, the main crimes they had to deal with and the number of searches they recorded. Over the year, each showed significant improvement in supervising officers’’ use of the power and in the proportion of searches which produced an arrest. (http://www. met. police. uk/publications/stop_search/report. htm) The perception of acknowledgement of social responsibility by the police and their creation of policy with regards to their policing standards has left many in the black community on edge. The black community does not trust police to act appropriately regardless of how they portray themselves (Macpherson, 1999). This has led to further conflict and clashes with police. Conflict theorists believe that conflict is a normal part of institutional practices. This approach to the analysis of racism proposes that the whole society, not just the police, still survives on the historical wrongs done to ethnic minorities and that the dominant ethnic groups seek to maintain the marginalized in positions of inferiority by perpetuating ‘sets of advantages or privileges for the majority group and exclusions or deprivations for minority groups’ (Rodrieguez, 1987). Institutional racism ‘is so embracing an operating principle that it no longer requires conscious or overtly racist acts to sustain it’ (Rodrieguez, 1987). The overt apathy that is displayed by police is inherent in control systems (Axelson, 1998). Further, the inability or lack of want to acknowledge that institutionalised racism even exists creates a veiled illusion that everything is fine. Another event that the world cannot forget is the Rodney King beating that took place in Los Angeles, California. Rodney King, a black man was severely beaten by a group of Los Angeles police officers. This unfortunate event was videotaped. When this event was dispersed to the various news agencies public dissent ensued. Los Angeles had riots. The whole incident led Mr. King to be awarded a sum of $100 million dollars. However, this award did nothing to quell the distrust of police by blacks nor has it substantially improved relations between blacks and police. Both are seen a necessary evils (http://archives. cnn. com/2001/LAW/03/02/beating. anniversity. king. 02/). Institutional Racism is Not Acknowledged The problem of institutional racism in the police force is not simply a problem of racist attitudes held by individual ‘bad police constables’ but exposes a deeper problem of the reliance on outdated police policy that has become routine in an apathetic way. It is only through exposing the results of institutional racism through such acts as police brutality, the lack of ethnic minorities in positions of power, the lack of ethnic minority business ownership and the lack of ethnic faces in mainstream media can resistance to the belief that IR exists and is a reality. A fundamental question arising from this is, â€Å"How damaging is it when media, schools, legislatures and other institutions call racist myths true? † The cultivation of an inability to voice, express or even acknowledge that institutional racism exists and more overt forms of discrimination are the basis of which the prevailing Western culture maintains its influence is denigrating at the least and a cause for riots and increased violence at its worst. This attitude and lack of acknowledgement that IR exists, creates those who are perceived as inferior, and they may internalize the other’s perception as valid and behave accordingly. The person perceived as inferior may develop a self-fulfilling prophecy in relation to this, until this cycle is broken. The effects of IR include lowered self-esteem and inadequate self-concept. The Pygmalion effect is a self-fulfilling prophecy where people conform to others’ expectations regardless of their true abilities. IR may become a state of mind and a set of emotions and values, and a set of behaviours. Institutionalised racist modes range from hostile domination to passive acceptance (defined as avoiding, ignoring or pretending to be correct and polite). In the social changes of the last twenty years, change, like the reduction of outward hostility has occurred, yet more understanding is needed before equal acceptance and good will can occur (Axelson, 1998). Institutionalised racism is an indirect and largely invisible process which can be compared with the glass ceiling. It is a term encompassing the often unintentional barriers and selection/promotion procedures which serve to disadvantage members of ethnic minority groups. Braham, Rattansi, Skellington, 1992, pp.100-120) suggest that widening our definition of discrimination to include indirect or ‘institutional’ racism gives a much better understanding of the barriers faced by ethnic minorities. Braham et al. caution that it is important to acknowledge the wide range of practices involved – some much more obvious than others. Rejecting the proposition that all institutions are uniformly racist, they argue that ‘the kind of procedures†¦ that disadvantage black people also disadvantage other groups’. The British Civil Service is a good illustration of the existence and strength of institutionalised disadvantage. A Cabinet Office report in 1995 concluded that it was a bastion of the white, male middle-classes, making it difficult for ethnic minorities to progress into its upper reaches. The report concluded that the main barriers to career development were prejudice and/or ignorance among managers and a lack of confidence among ethnic minority staff. These barriers were derived from attitudinal or cultural stereotypes which limited expectations and opportunities on both sides. Conclusion In conclusion, institutional racism as defined has had serious deleterious effects on culture and society. These effects are manifested in language, ideas, schools, language policies, economic stratification social segregation, housing markets, hiring and promotional schemas, ethnic minority’s’ psychological issues and ethnic minority access to a variety of social services and opportunities. The continuation of institutional racism, though discouraging, can be seen as a positive development from the perspective of the decline of the more overt forms of racism. However, the lack of knowledge or the denial of the more subtle forms of racism can be extremely detrimental to both majority and minority group members. Institutional forms of racism may include police practices, unemployment, housing and education issues, discriminatory practices and inadequate welfare programs. IR may rear its head through the decision by Western culture to arbitrarily decide what is socially valuable. People tend to take as valuable what is most familiar to them. Prejudiced attitudes can be found in many elements, including language, education, religion, norms of morality, economics and aesthetics. A mental and emotional connection of the majority group with superiority and connecting minority cultures to inferiority makes IR pervasive and difficult to eradicate (Axelson, 1998). At an international level, institutional racism may be considered as a product of colonialist and imperialist strategies. These strategies employ racism as an important element in the justification and maintenance of relations of exploitation and unequal exchange with subordinate populations who happen to be physically different. Research of racism focuses on the condition that the rise and fall of racial stereotypes and racial prejudice is closely linked to the changing historical relations between different populations and to the interests of dominant groups (Seymour-Smith, 1986). A clear assessment of the attitudes, beliefs, social norms and corporate culture is required of the institution if it is to recognize policies, practices and procedures that may be exclusive to ethnic minority groups. It is through asking, seeing and acknowledging that institutional racism exists will create a forum for awareness. The lessons of Stephen Lawrence and Rodney King serve as societal reminders that a subtle, pervasive form of racism does indeed exist. Those attitudes are so ingrained and accepted that they are our social norm. Our unwillingness to formally acknowledge that anything these beliefs and attitudes are indeed incorrect will create more tension and unrest. It is through the constant reminder and education that though the practice of institutional racism may be part of the social fabric, it is not acceptable. It is not acceptable because although it is believed to not exist or acknowledged, the consequences of not acknowledging IR are seen through the disregard of humanity as in the cases of Stephen Lawrence and Rodney King. It shall only be through the forthright acknowledgement that something is inherently biased in our social framework will IR ever be diminished and eradicated. References viewed January 10, 2006. viewed January 8, 2006. viewed January 8, 2006. viewed January 9, 2006. viewed January 9, 2006. Axelson, J. A. (1998). Counseling and development in a multicultural society. Belmont, CA. Wadsworth Publishing. Braham, P. , Rattansi A. , and Skellington, R. 1992. (eds. ), Racism and Antiracism: Inequalities, Opportunities and Policies. Sage. p. 100-120. Green, D. G. 2000. Institutional Racism and the Police: Fact or Fiction. Civitas. London. Macpherson, Sir William (1999). The Stephen Lawrence Inquiry: The Report of an Inquiry. London: HMSO. Massingale, Fr. Bryan. 1998. â€Å"The Ethics of Racism. † Origins vol. 28, iss. 24, p. 26. Massey, D. S. , Fischer, M. J. (1998, December). Where We Live, in Black and White. The Nation, viewed January 9, 2006, . Myers, D. G. (1993). Social psychology (4th ed), McGraw-Hill, Columbus, OH. Jefferson, T. (1992). ‘The racism of criminalisation: policing and the reproduction of the criminal other’, in Gelsthorpe. L (ed. ). Cropwood Roundtable on Ethnic Minority Groups and the Criminal Justice System. Cambridge: Institute of Criminology. Price, A. J. (1997) Human Resource Management in a Business Context, International Thomson Business Press, Ch. 9. Rodrieguez, A. M. (1987). ‘Institutional racism in the organisational setting: an action-research approach’, in Shaw J. (eds. ). Strategies for Improving Race Relations. Manchester: Manchester University Press. Seymour-Smith, C. 1986. Macmillan Dictionary of Anthropology. The Macmillan Press. lastname, initial. 2006. I felt that a more comprehensive definition was needed.

How to Live with 15300$

How to Live with 15300$ Introduction Family income is a particular sum of money the whole family gets annually. The salaries, income from deposits and other stable and regular incomes are really important for the family as depending on this information many families plan their costs.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on How to Live with 15300$ specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Having the information about the annual income of the family and the list of the obligatory costs, it is possible to calculate the expenses of the family, the cloths they can buy and the number of entertaining places they can visit. Moreover, the food and other unexpected costs should be considered. However, it seems rather difficult for the family to pay attention to unexpected expenses and to plan them if the family income is too low. Additionally, there are a number of notions which should be considered while discussion of the family budget. The Consumer Price Index is t he notion which should not be avoided as it is the measure which points at the obligatory items people are to be able to buy on the salaries and income they have. Family and Living Conditions The situation is the follows. The family consists of a father, a mother, and two kids, a 10 years old girl, and a 4 years old boy. The family lives in the personal house which is not that small as children do not have to share the rooms and have their personal ones. The family income comprises 15300$ annually, which is about $1275 monthly. The task is to consider the budget of the family, and calculate their costs on the basis of the fact that these people are to live in the house, buy food and clothes and provide other expenses obligatory for an average American citizen. Consumer basket The consumer basket is the number of categories which account the items necessary for living. There are about 200 categories which are gathered into eight great groups.Advertising Looking for essay on b usiness economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Thus, food and beverages, housing, apparel, transportation, medical care, recreation, education and communication, other goods and services are the items which are to be involved in calculation. Thus, using this pattern as the basis for creating the budget for a family, the following data should be considered. Things necessary for living As it has already been mentioned, the family is to be able to buy the items mentioned in the consumer basket. Here is the detailed description for each of the major categories. Food and beverages are important for the family, however, paying attention to their low income, this category should be presented with breakfast cereal with milk, coffee or tea, chicken (another type of meat may be too costly for the family), wine, and full service meals which are comprised of a great many of different vegetables and other products. Much attention sh ould be paid to the prices in this category. The cereals may cost about $22.08, different breakfast bars and other snacks about $2-3 per item. This may be enough for a week or two. Milk will cost the family about $90 a week (1 pack costs $30, which is for two-three days). The process are presented as the sample how the average annual cost of the life was calculated for the family. The prices for most of the products may vary greatly depending on the season and on the place where the products are to be bought. This category also covers eggs, fruits, fats and oils, alcoholic beverages, meat, etc. The general expenses on this category are to be much greater, however the family cannot allow to pay more than $500 as in this case they will no have an opportunity to pay for other services. The price means that the family is unable to eat meat every day, eggs and fresh mils appears on the table also rarely. Tasty and expensive fruits, candies, and other sweets are not eaten too often.Advert ising We will write a custom essay sample on How to Live with 15300$ specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Housing is another parameter which is to be paid. Thus, this category covers the expenses on the house. Being the personal house, the family is just to pay the rent and other services such as gas, water, light. The owners equivalent rent or bedroom furniture are not considered. However, the family may spend some extra money of repairing or new objects which are too important. The average cost of the items may be about $200 a month. Apparel is the third parameter in the family budget. Having too low income, the family cannot allow to buy cloths too often, the one or two items per person a month. If the cloths are not necessary right now, the family has to save this money of more expensive cloths of shoes. To the point, this category covers men’s, boys’, girl’s and women’s apparel along with footwear. About $100 is the cost for this category. Transportation is an inevitable part of the family. The family is unable to buy a new vehicle, however, they are to spend money on gasoline and motor vehicle insurance which s not cheap. The costs depend on the distances the members of the family have to ride every day. Paying attention to the fact that the family is poor and cannot allow to drive too much, their costs on gasoline are minimal. Medical care is an important aspect. People are to buy prescription drugs and medical supplies if they are ill, physicians services are also to be paid along with the hospital services. Paying attention to the fact that the family cannot allow substantial nutrition with all the necessary vitamins and minerals, they are more subjected to getting sick that increases the costs on medication.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More However, it is presupposes that people will not be sick each month, the average sum of the medical costs should be about $100 monthly (as all the calculations are based on the average month income considered from the annual one). Recreation services are important however, the family does not have an opportunity to but toys, have pets and pay for television annually. Therefore, the family has to enjoy the free TV and the toys and entertainments they already have. However, the family members can allow to have a rest once a year if the cost of the vocation is not too high. The family can allow to spend about $2000 annually. Education and communication are important as children are to study. However, it increases costs as the family has to spend money of books, copybooks, cloths and other items which are obligatory and cannot be avoided. Moreover, the computer services are also important as having no opportunity to have the computer at home, school children are to pay for those services to be able to hand in the printed papers and submit the works on time. Other goods and services such as the services of the haircuts and other expenses are to be considered annually due to the low income of the family these services are not too often used. The extra costs of the family are also to be covered. The household troubles, funerals, costs devoted to unexpected loss of working opportunities, different presents for birthdays and personal birthdays of the family members are to be considered. It is hard to predict the sum of money on these events as in most cases family with such low income celebrate only too important dates. Arguments Thus, having considered the family income and the costs it has to endure, it should be stated that the family is to pay obligatory $900 annually without considering the medical services, education and extra costs which are obligatory. Conclusion In conclusion, it should be stated that he family is very poor and cannot allow many particular thin gs. Children are to wear the clothes of their older brothers or sisters, they are unable to attend different entertaining facilities, they cannot eat too tasty and delicious meals as they cannot afford them due to high prices and low income. The absence of the appropriate nutrition increases the risk of infection that raises the family expenses and puts them at risk of loosing a feeder of the family for a period of the illness. It is essential for the family to increase the income as the living on 15300$ annually is too hard, children do not get appropriate education, they are limited in many opportunities and as a result they may get worse education than others do. How to live with 15300$ Introduction With the rising hard economy of this twenty first century, everyone has to know how to budget for the little annual income that they earn. This is extremely necessary in order to cater for the needs of families.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on How to live with 15300$ specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More A budget is a financial document used to project future income and expenses. The budgeting process helps individuals involved estimate if they go on with the operation according to the income that they earn or not. This paper is discussing a family budgeting. Requirements of a good budget It is necessary for one to know the actual income before planning the budget. For one to be able to make a successful budget there are a number of features to consider; categories that fit one’s personal situation and spending habits only, and income expectations, which are right. One should reflect how he or she spen ds money so as to cut down costs where necessary and the budget should entail costs that are not on a monthly basis. These are a few of requirements that this family of four can consider. This family where the annual earning is 15300 dollars is living in a low social economic life. This is because it is estimated that poverty lies among citizens who earn 10000 dollars annually. This family is slightly above the poverty line. Therefore, it should not go for the most costly expenses. Housing This family should go for a house that has a minimum of three bedrooms. This is due to reason that the ten year old girl and the four year old boy will not share bedrooms. The house should also be located in an area occupied by middle class people. This is where the family can get an affordable three bedroom house. Also, commodities in the locality are available at fair prices. This family should also look for a house that is not far from their places of work. The house location ought to be near s ocial amenities like hospitals and schools. Due to their earning, this family ought to live in a house worth 3,240 dollars annually to avoid spending more than their income.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Buying clothes Clothes are also basic, thus this family can budget to purchase both second hand clothes and the brand new ones. In accordance to their annual income, they should spend approximately 4,800$ per year. While budgeting for the children’s clothes, these parents should consider the size of the clothes. They ought to purchase clothes that are not very fitting. This ensures that the children wear the clothes for a long period of time. Also, they should buy clothes that are of good quality. This helps them avoid buying clothes frequently due to wearing out. In addition, they can sort out their clothes to get the one that have outgrown their children and theirs that are not in use. Instead of disposing them, they can sell them as second hand clothes. This will earn them some income that can help them meet their family needs. Such income can also be used in case of emergencies like sicknesses. Education The children in this family require education at different levels due to their age differences. The parents should look for schools located near the middle class people. This is because the schools are affordable according to their annual income. The parents should look for a school that charges fees of approximately 1,260 dollars for the four year old boy. For the ten year old girl the fees should amount to around 2370 dollars. This means that the total cost for school fees in this family per year will be 3630 dollars. The children should be taken to one school. This has very many advantages. One, the school fees, is paid at the same time and place. Secondly, these brother and sister go to school at the same time. Hence, they sa ve time for parents to attend to other chores. Also, when purchasing the uniform, parents are able to cut the cost. This is because the four year old boy can wear the pullovers and socks that have outgrown the ten year old girl. In addition to the advantages, the boy uses the text books and revision books that were used by the older girl. This ensures that the parents purchase textbooks only once that is, for the ten year old girl. Parents are able to cut down the cost of the school fees. Since the school is located near the family’s home, parents are able to take lunch to their children instead of including it in the school fees. Moreover, the transport fee is low since the school is not far from their home.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on How to live with 15300$ specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In education, the father and mother of these children should remember to insure their children’s future edu cation. This includes high school and higher learning institutions. Since this is done annually, the parents dedicate a certain amount of money from their salary. Transportation The family should always look for the cheapest means of transport as they move from one location to another. They can use the railway transport since it is the cheapest across the world. To help cut down transportation cost, the family should always walk to places that are not far. For instance, they should walk to the nearest market centers. They ought to worship at the nearest places. The annual transportation cost for the parents should be approximately 500 dollars. This applies if they work at a distance where they cannot walk. A decent house location also helps in cutting down the cost of transportation. Therefore, during budgeting, this family should consider the house nearness to social amenities. When health facilities, schools, together with others are near, the family will use little money on trans port. Healthcare Health is one of the most fundamental requirements in a family. Healthcare involves a number of activities. For instance, eating a balanced diet, regular check- ups, and living in a clean home environment. To boost healthcare in the family, a family should be located in an area where they can access it easily. This family’s home should be near a hospital. This is because children fall sick often; hence they should be rushed to hospital fast. To keep the environment clean, this family must spend some funds. For example they spend money when buying treated mosquito nets, purchasing detergents, tools for trimming flowerbeds and bushes, and hiring a gardener. The family should also have a thorough weekly general cleaning. This includes cleaning all the bedding, clothes, and the whole house. If the family maintains this high standard of cleanliness, it reduces the chances of them falling sick. This reduces the cost of treatment because they will not visit the hosp ital regularly. This family should budget for health care at an amount of approximately 2,973 dollars annually.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The family should make sure that every member is insured against health care. This helps them receive the best health care no matter the price of medicine prescribed. Apart from other basic needs in this family, there are other requirements that are not expected. Therefore, it is necessary for them to save some money for such emergencies. This helps the family avoid borrowing money now and then when such cases arise. Thus, they can open a bank account to save the remaining amount of their annual income which is 119 dollars. Conclusion This family of four ought to put apart some time to plan on how to budget on their earnings. This helps them spend wisely so that they can meet all their basic needs. This plan will also ensure that there is a balance in the allocation of funds, in all their basic requirements. This will also help the family relieve the burden of thinking on how to spend their earnings every time they are paid. Good budgeting also helps the family live peacefully. This is because there are no issues of drug abuse like alcoholism which result to quarrels in the family. Budgeting is, therefore, a peace contributing factor in families. In addition, proper budgeting helps is reducing the chances of poverty due to poor spending of income earning. Therefore, budgeting is highly essential to all families and especially to a family that earns an annual income of 15300 dollars. This is all that is necessary for proper budgeting.

Nanao Sakaki Profile of the poet Nanao Sakaki

Nanao Sakaki Profile of the poet Nanao Sakaki Nanao Sakaki grew up in Japan, came to adulthood as a drafted radarman in the Japanese Army during World War II, and after the war became known as a poet and friend to American poets, a wilderness walker, environmentalist and counterculture leader, founder of the Tribe and Banyan Ashram.The following is excerpted from our correspondent Taylor Mignon’s 2002 portrait of Sakaki written for the About Poetry Museletter: Yaponesian Global Guerrilla Poet Nanao Sakaki: If you have time to chatterRead booksIf you have time to readWalk into mountain, desert and oceanIf you have time to walkSing Songs and danceIf you have time to danceSit quietly, you Happy Lucky Idiot I first met Nanao Sakaki in 1993 at the Kyoto Connection, an eclectic event of the arts headed by Ken Rogers, managing editor of Kyoto Journal. At that time I was editing the bilingual literary journal, The Plaza, and I asked him if he could send work. Though he never sent anything - it could be difficult to pin him down sometimes as he’s such an inveterate wanderer - I’d often go to his reading events. Renaissance Wild Man: Nanao, a walking collective call of the wild man, commune cofounder, scholar of languages and aboriginal culture and tribal traditions, troubadour to hang out with, lover of ’shrooms and the herbs, movement maker, The Tribes, homeless (except for the cabin in Shizuoka), green guru guy, activist, translator of haiku, mantra sutra rapper using the 5/7/5 syllabic meter.... Nanao is also better known in the US than in his home Yaponesia. My poet friend Kijima Hajime, a Walt Whitman scholar, didn’t know about Nanao since he’s more associated with the Beats and the Hippies.... Japan’s first Dead Head? â€Å"Break the Mirror†: So Kijima included Nanao’s poem â€Å"Break the Mirror† in the bilingual booklet Over the Oceans: Contemporary Poetry from Japan (Doyo Bijutsusha Shuppan Hanbai, 2000), which he re-envisioned for both English and Japanese versions. Also in 2000, Blackberry Books, Nanao’s main publisher in English, put out an anthology of writings on him entitled Nanao or Never: Nanao Sakaki Walks Earth A, by such as authors as Gary Snyder, Allen Ginsberg, Joanne Kyger and myself. Blackberry Books also published Nanao’s poetry volumes Break the Mirror (1996) and Let’s Eat Stars (1997). â€Å"Let’s Eat Stars†: His poetry is infused with homegrown, funky, direct appeal. The first poem (untitled) in Break the Mirror tells us - not didactically - to take it easy. â€Å"April Fool’s Day† in Let’s Eat Stars is sharp-tongued in the eighth stanza: To make schooling more efficientThe Ministry of Education wantsthat all grammar schools junior high schoolsshould be reorganized into three categoriesA, Elite course.B, Robot course.C, Dropout course. He has also done English translations of haiku by Kobayashi Issa in Inch by Inch: 45 Haiku (La Alameda Press, 1999), which has the Japanese and English printed in Nanao’s script. With Gary Snyder: In Yaponesia his main publisher is Studio Reaf, which publishes the activist journal Ningen kazoku (â€Å"Human family†) - in 2000 Studio Reaf released a video of Gary’s reading selections from Turtle Island and Axe Handles followed by Nanao’s translation - Gary Snyder: Sing the Mother Earth, in Shinshu, 1991. The Japanese language Kokopelli is a collection of poems containing the poem Just Enough† in several languages, including Ainu, Ryukyuan, and English: Soil for legsAxe for handsFlower for eyesBird for earsMushroom for noseSmile for mouthSongs for lungsSweat for skinWind for mind Books by and about Nanao Sakaki: Break the Mirror, poems by Nanao Sakaki (Blackberry Books, 1996) Let’s Eat Stars, poems (Blackberry Books, 1997)[]Inch by Inch: 45 Haiku by Issa, translated by Nanao Sakaki (La Alameda Press, 1999) Nanao or Never: Nanao Sakaki Walks Earth A, edited by Gary Lawless (Blackberry Books, 2000)

Decreasing the Prevalence of Drunk Driving Essay

Decreasing the Prevalence of Drunk Driving - Essay Example The prevalence of drinking is seen to be highest in young adults due to the fact that they lack much experience on the road, and inappropriate consumption of alcohol impairs their driving skills. Therefore, the following program of reducing driving under the influence will be beneficial to the young age groups. This program will provide a check and balance that will help to reduce the amount of injuries or death on the road. This program has three subsections namely: the extended use of interlocks, increasing the use of sobriety check points and maintaining of a minimum drinking age of 21 years. The use of ignition interlocks was to prevent drivers who have their blood alcohol concentration was above a specified level from starting their cars. The interlocks consisted of an alcohol detector that was tamper proof and a system to reset the driver periodically to test for sobriety. This is a precaution that been in effect for quite some time. By 2011, 49 states had enacted a law that pe rmit the use of interlocks for some of the offender that were caught driving under the influence of alcohol (Breind 45). A study carried concluded that all those drivers convicted with drunk driving have drastically reduced after their vehicles were fitted with ignition interlocks. A lot of live have also been saved in the process. A survey has shown that this strategy is highly efficient in preventing the re arrest for drunk driving and has subsequently reduced incidents of accidents. Sobriety checkpoints are road blocks that the law enforcers have put to stop cars on a systematic basis in order to spot drivers who are driving under the influence